ش | ی | د | س | چ | پ | ج |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 |
28 | 29 | 30 |
In a Type 3 conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the past perfect, and the tense in the main clause is the perfect conditional:
IF' CLAUSE | MAIN CLAUSE |
If + past perfectIf it had rained | Perfect conditionalyou would have got wet |
The perfect conditional of any verb is composed of two elements: would + the perfect infinitive of the main verb (=have + past participle):
Subject | would | perfect infinitive |
He They | would would | have gone... have stayed... |
Affirmative | ||
I | would | have believed ... |
Negative | ||
She | wouldn't | have given... |
Interrogative | ||
Would | you | have left...? |
Interrogative negative | ||
Wouldn't | he | have been...? |
Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
I would have gone | I wouldn't have gone | Would I have gone? |
You would have gone | You wouldn't have gone | Would you have gone? |
He would have gone | She wouldn't have gone | Would it have gone? |
We would have gone | We wouldn't have gone | Would we have gone? |
You would have gone | You wouldn't have gone | Would you have gone? |
They would have gone | They wouldn't have gone | Would they have gone? |
In these sentences, the time is past, and the situation is contrary to reality. The facts they are based on are the opposite of what is expressed.
Type 3 conditional sentences, are truly hypothetical or unreal, because it is now too late for the condition or its result to exist. There is always an unspoken "but..." phrase:
NOTE: Both would and had can be contracted to 'd, ++which can be confusing. Remember that you NEVER use would in the IF-clause, so in the example above, "If I'd known" must be"If I had known", and "I'd have baked" must be "I would have baked.."
a. If I'd known you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
b. I would have bought you a present if I'd known it was your birthday.
c. If they'd had a better goalkeeper they wouldn't have lost the game.
d. If you had told me you were on the Internet, I'd have sent you an e-mail.
e. Would you have bought an elephant if you'd known how much they eat?