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alexander rybak - fairytale- farzinenglishschool
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 12:45
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Which is the 'best' English?
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:46
Trash or Rubbish? - Sorting out our English Colour or color? Socks or sox? Organisations or Organizations? Underground or subway? Gas or petrol? Fall or Autumn? Candy or sweets? Cookie or biscuit? Centre or center, Trash or rubbish? I've had a lot of furious emails from users about my terrible spelling. While I admit...
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Using Capital Letters
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:44
Using Capital Letters See also Using capitalization - more examples 1. at the start of a sentence B ali is an Indonesian Island. I t is a lovely day. 2. with proper nouns (particular persons, places and things): Her name is M ary. She lives in S pain. She was born on T uesday the sixth of J une, 1998. She lives at 10...
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Brackets and Parentheses
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:43
Brackets and Parentheses The difference between a 'bracket' and a 'parentheses' can be a bit confusing. Generally, parentheses refers to round brackets () and brackets to square brackets []. However, we are more and more used to hearing these refered to simply as 'round brackets' or 'square brackets'. Usually we use...
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Hyphens and Dashes
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:43
Hyphens and Dashes A hyphen joins two or more words together (e.g. x-ray, door-to-door) while a dash separates words into parenthetical statements (e.g. She was trapped - no escape was possible. Hyphens: Generally, hyphens are used to avoid confusion or ambiguity but today most words that have been hyphenated quite...
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The Colon
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:42
The Colon The colon expands on the sentence that precedes it. There are many reasons for poor written communication: lack of planning, poor grammar, misuse of punctuation marks and insufficient vocabulary. He collected a strange assortment of items: bird's eggs, stamps, bottle tops, string and buttons. Peter had an...
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The Semi Colon
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:42
The Semi Colon The Semicolon The semicolon is somewhere between a weak full stop and a strong comma and used to join phrases and sentences without having to use a conjunction ( and , but etc.) where the phrases or sentences are thematically linked but independent. Look at this example. Many great leaders; Churchill,...
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Punctuating speech with quotation marks
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:41
Punctuating speech with quotation marks Usage Although you will still see the double quotation marks used to quote direct speech it is more and more common to punctuate speech and direct quotations with single quotation marks with the double quotation marks reserved for quoting 'speech within speech'. Examples 'I...
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English Punctuation: Apostrophe
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:41
English Punctuation: Apostrophe The apostrophe probaly causes more grief than any of the other punctuation marks put together! The problem nearly always seems to stem from users not understandingthat the apostrophe has two very different (and very important) uses in English. to show possession and ownership - e.g....
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The Exclamation Mark
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:40
The Exclamation Mark The exclamation mark is used to express exasperation,astonishment or surprise or to emphasise a comment or short, sharp phrase. Examples Help! Help! That's unbelievable! Get out! Look out! You can also use it to mark a phrase as humourous, ironic or sarcastic. 1. What a lovely day! (when it...
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The Question Mark
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:39
The Question Mark Use the question mark: 1. At the end of all direct questions What is your name? Do you speak Italian? You're Spanish, aren't you? 2. Do not use the question mark for reported questions He asked me what my name was. She asked if I was Spanish. Ask them where they are going. General notes: 1. Don't...
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The Comma
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:39
The Comma There are some general rules which you can apply when using the comma. However, you will find that in English there are many other ways to use the comma to add to the meaning of a sentence or to emphasise an item, point or meaning. Although we are often taught that commas are used to help us add 'breathing...
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The 'Period', 'Full Stop' or 'Point
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:38
The 'Period', 'Full Stop' or 'Point' The period ( known as a full stop in British English ) is probably the simplest of the punctuation marks to use. You use it like a knife to cut the sentences to the required length. Generally, you can break up the sentences using the full stop at the end of a logical and complete...
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English Punctuation
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:37
English Punctuation Punctuation is used to create sense, clarity and stress in sentences. You use punctuation marks to structure and organise your writing. The most common of these are the period (or full stop in British English) , the comma , the exclamation mark , the question mark , the colon and semi-colon , the...
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NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:34
NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES The information in these clauses is not essential. It tells us more about someone or something, but it does not help us to identify them or it. Compare: Dogs that like cats are very unusual. (This tells us which dogs we are talking about). Gorillas, which are...
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WHERE TO PUT THE PREPOSTITION IN A RELATIVE CLAUSE
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:34
WHERE TO PUT THE PREPOSTITION IN A RELATIVE CLAUSE WHERE TO PUT THE PREPOSTITION IN A RELATIVE CLAUSE There are often prepositions in relative clauses, and the relative pronoun is the object of the preposition. This means that the preposition can sometimes be omitted. The preposition is normally placed at the end of...
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How to form relative clauses
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:33
How to form relative clauses DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES As the name suggests, these clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about. Obviously, this is only necessary if there is more than one person or thing involved. Examples Dogs that like cats are very unusual. In...
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Relative clauses
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:33
Relative clauses See also Pronouns Also see the page on Pronouns A "defining" or identifying clause, which tells us which person or thing we are talking about. This kind of clause could often be information included in brackets (...) A "non-defining" or non-essential clause, which gives us more...
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REPORTED SPEECH: hopes,intentions & promises
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:31
REPORTED SPEECH: hopes,intentions & promises HOPES, INTENTIONS & PROMISES When we report an intention, hope or promise, we use an appropriate reporting verb followed by a that-clause or a to-infinitive: "I'll pay you the money tomorrow." He promised to pay me the money the next day. He promised that...
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Reported Speech: orders, requests & suggestions
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:31
Reported Speech: orders, requests & suggestions ORDERS, REQUESTS, SUGGESTIONS 1. When we want to report an order or request, we can use a verb like 'tell' with a to-clause . Example He told me to go away. The pattern is verb + indirect object + to-clause . (The indirect object is the person spoken to.) Other verbs...
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Reported Speech: Summary of reporting verbs
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:30
Reported Speech: Summary of reporting verbs Summary of reporting verbs Note that some reporting verbs may appear in more than one of the following groups. 1. Verbs followed by ' if' or ' whether' + clause : ask know remember say see 2. Verbs followed by a that-clause : add admit agree announce answer argue boast claim...
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Question Forms and Reported Speech
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:29
Question Forms and Reported Speech Question Forms and Reported Speech 1. Normal word order is used in reported questions, that is, the subject comes before the verb, and it is not necessary to use 'do' or 'did' : "Where does Peter live?" She asked him where Peter lived . 2. Yes / no questions : This type of...
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REPORTED SPEECH: CHANGE OF TIME AND PLACE
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:29
REPORTED SPEECH: CHANGE OF TIME AND PLACE Time/place references change when using reported speech Example "I will see you here tomorrow ", she said. She said that she would see me there the next day . The most common of these changes are shown below: Today that day "I saw him today ", she said. She...
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REPORTED SPEECH
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:28
REPORTED SPEECH Tense Changes When Using Reported Speech Normally, the tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech: She said, "I am tired." She said that she was tired. The changes are shown below: Simple present Simple past "I always drink coffee", she said...
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DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECH
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:28
DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECH You can answer the question What did he/she say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken ( direct speech ) by reporting the words spoken ( indirect or reported speech ). Direct Speech Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place...
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DIFFERENCE WORDS
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:26
DIFFERENCE WORDS OTHER, ANOTHER These words refer to something different, remaining, or additional. They are placed before the noun . Another is used with singular nouns. Other with singular or plural. There are other jobs you could try. Where's the other packet of cereals? Is there any other bread? Have another cup...
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[ بدون عنوان ]
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:26
(I) my mine (you) your yours (he) his his (she) her hers (it) it its (we) our ours (you) your yours (they) their theirs Jane's brother is married to John's sister. Her brother is married to his sister. Peter and his sister . Jane and her father . Do you know where your books are? Is this their picnic ? No, it is ours...
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PRE-DETERMINERS
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:25
PRE-DETERMINERS SUCH, WHAT, RATHER, QUITE These words are normally placed before the indefinite article. Such and what are often used to express surprise or other emotions: Examples What a lovely day! She's such a lovely woman! What an incredible film! He's such a fantastic guitarist! Rather and quite are 'commenting'...
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DEFINING WORDS
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:24
DEFINING WORDS WHICH AND WHOSE In a statement, these words define or explain which thing or person is referred to: Examples He went back to the house. (Which house?) The house which stood on the corner. = He went back to the house which stood on the corner. I saw the man. (Which man?) The man whose car you damaged. =...
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QUESTION WORDS
دوشنبه 12 خرداد 1393 03:24
QUESTION WORDS WHICH, WHAT, WHOSE In questions, these words ask which thing or person is being referred to. They are placed before the noun. Which dress are you going to wear tonight? What colour is your dress? Whose car are you going to use?